Runtime Software Verification

What is runtime software verification?

Runtime software verification is the process of validating the integrity, behavior, and security posture of software while it is actively running in production or pre-production environments. Unlike static testing or pre-deployment checks, runtime verification continuously monitors how software behaves under real-world conditions to detect anomalies, unauthorized changes, or malicious activity.

It ensures that deployed applications remain trustworthy and compliant throughout their operational lifecycle.

Why is it important?

Even after rigorous pre-deployment testing, software can be compromised at runtime due to:

Configuration drift
Insider threats
Supply chain tampering
Runtime exploitation or memory manipulation

Runtime verification:

Detects deviations from expected behavior
Identifies attacks or breaches in real time
Validates that only authorized code is executing
Provides ongoing assurance of software integrity

This is especially critical in regulated environments, Zero Trust architectures, and for mission-critical software systems.

How does it work?

Runtime verification typically involves:

Behavior Monitoring: Tracks file system access, memory usage, system calls, network activity, and inter-process communications
Hash and Signature Validation: Ensures code running in memory matches approved versions or signatures
Memory and Process Inspection: Detects injections, unauthorized libraries, or altered binaries
Runtime Telemetry Collection: Gathers audit logs, performance data, and security metrics for analysis
Policy Enforcement: Blocks or alerts on deviations from defined security policies or behavioral baselines

This can be implemented through technologies like Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP), eBPF-based sensors, endpoint detection agents, or kernel-level monitoring tools.

Benefits

Early Breach Detection: Identifies active compromises before they escalate
Operational Assurance: Confirms software continues to behave as intended after deployment
Regulatory Compliance: Supports continuous monitoring mandates (e.g., NIST, HIPAA, PCI)
Risk Reduction: Limits the window of exposure for zero-day exploits or insider abuse